Turkey, Saudi Arabia and Pakistan: The New Geometry of Security
Turkey, Saudi Arabia and Pakistan: The New Geometry of Security By Paolo Falconio The defense agreement between Turkey, Saudi Arabia and Pakistan does not represent merely the birth of a new military axis. It is the signal of a deeper transformation in the balance of the Middle East: the progressive search, by regional powers, for an autonomous deterrence capability, at a time when the traditional American guarantee appears less solid than it was in the past. The energy question is one of the elements explaining this evolution. For some time, the Gulf countries have been looking at the possibility of reducing their dependence on the Strait of Hormuz through new pipelines and alternative routes for oil exports. But these infrastructures require years to be built and, above all, do not eliminate strategic vulnerability: a pipeline remains physical infrastructure, exposed to missiles, drones, sabotage and kinetic operations. Energy security, therefore, cannot be entrusted exclusively to t...